New Delhi: The controversial Citizenship (Amendment) Bill, 2016, which seeks to provide Indian citizenship to non-Muslims from Bangladesh, Pakistan and Afghanistan, was passed by the Lok Sabha on Tuesday amid vehement opposition by BJP allies and rivals alike.
The issue has already left parts of northeast, including Assam, simmering, with the Asom Gana Parishad breaking off its alliance with the BJP and walking out of the Sarbananda Sonowal government.
Introducing the bill, Home Minister Rajnath Singh said it will pave the way for Indian citizenship to the "persecuted religious minorities" -- the Hindus, Jains, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists and Parsis -- from the three countries.
"They have no place to go to, except India," he said, adding that several leaders, including first prime minister Jawaharlal Nehru, were in favour of giving shelter to persecuted minorities in the neighouring countries.
Seeking to assuage the concerns in the Northeast, which saw an 11-hour bandh on Tuesday against the legislation, Singh said the proposed law will not be confined to Assam alone.
"The burden of those persecuted migrants will be shared by the whole country. Assam alone should not have to bear the entire burden. Government of India is committed to give all help to the State Government and people of Assam," he said.
The BJP appears to have been isolated over the issue. While the AGP broke off the alliance, allies Shiv Sena and JD(U) opposed the legislation.
Mizoram and Meghalaya governments have opposed the bill by adopting resolution against it in their respective cabinet meetings.
The home minister said the Union Cabinet has also approved grant of ST status to six communities of Assam namely Tai Ahom, Koch Rajbongshi, Chutia, Tea Tribes, Moran and Matak.
The Union Cabinet's decision can been seen as a balancing act by the central government to strong opposition to the bill in Assam.
According to the Home Minister, "At the same time, full safeguards will be provided to protect the interests, rights and privileges of existing Scheduled Tribes of Assam. A separate Bill will be brought to grant ST status to Bodo Kacharis in Hill districts of Assam and Karbis in the rest of Assam. Sixth Schedule of the Constitution is also proposed to be amended to strengthen the Autonomous District Councils," he said.
Singh said the migrants -- Hindus, Jains, Christians, Sikhs, Buddhists and Parsis -- were earlier given protection against legal action in 2015 and 2016.
"Long term visa provision was made for them. The proposed amendment will make these persecuted migrants eligible to apply for citizenship," he said.
Singh said citizenship will be given to them only after due scrutiny and recommendation of district authorities and the state government.
The minimum residency period for citizenship is proposed to be reduced from existing 12 years under the present law to seven years.
The legislation also seeks to provide relief to persecuted migrants who have come through western borders of the country to states like Gujarat, Rajasthan, Delhi, Madhya Pradesh and other states, the Home Minister said.
The bill will apply to all States and Union Territories of the country and the beneficiaries of Citizenship Amendment Bill will be able to reside in any state of the country.
The bill was originally introduced in 2016 and was later sent to the JPC, which submitted its report on Monday. On the basis of the recommendations of the JPC, a fresh bill was introduced on Tuesday.
Opposition parties have raised objections to the bill. The Congress said many states have opposed the bill and it should be sent to a select committee. As the government did not heed to the demand, the Congress staged a walkout.
TMC's Saugata Roy dubbed the bill as "divisive" and "insidious" that goes against the basic tenents of the Constitution. "This is the worst form of vote-bank politics", Roy said.
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