Open the image that you want to turn into a stencil. Open Photoshop and load the image that you want to create a stencil out of.
Open the Threshold tool. Click "Image" → "Adjustment" → "Threshold" to open this tool. Your image will turn black and white.
Drag the Threshold slider to adjust the level of detail. As you drag the slider left and right, you'll see more or less detail. Play with the slider until you find a level that gives you strong lines without sacrificing too much detail.
Clear up any background details you don't want. There's a good chance that your photo will have some background detail that muddies up the image. Use a large white Paintbrush to quickly erase any details that you don't want to see. Use a black Paintbrush to fill in areas of white to make solid black spaces. You can use the Crop tool to quickly cut out large chunks of the image that you don't want to use.
Link any islands of white space. When you cut and print the stencil, you will be cutting away the black spaces to paint through. This means that if there are isolated details in white, they will need to be connected to the rest of the white space so that you can cut it properly. Use the white Paintbrush to quickly connect your islands to the rest of the white space. Keep the strength of your finished stencil in mind and create any additional links to maintain its structure when using it.
Open the Cutout filter. Once you've created all of your links, click "Filter" → "Artistic" → "Cutout". This will convert the image to straighter lines to make it easier to cut out. If you are using newer versions of Photoshop (CS6+), you'll need to select "Preferences" → "Plug-ins" → "Show All Filter Gallery Groups and Names" before you can see the Artistic filters.
Adjust the Cutout filter settings. The different sliders will allow you to adjust the amount of flattening that the filter applies to the image. The "Edge Simplicity" slider will make your edges straighter, which will make the image more stencil-like. You'll notice a large reduction in detail, which will make cutting your stencil easier.
Review your stencil before printing. Look over the whole stencil and check for any unconnected islands or extraneous details. Don't worry too much about stray lines, as you can just ignore them as you cut the stencil out.
Print your stencil. Once you're satisfied with your stencil, you can print it out. Make sure you print it on thick paper so that the stencil is sturdy. You can set the printing color to gray if you want to save some ink.
Cut out your stencil. After printing your stencil, all that's left is to cut it out and use it. Take a pair of scissors and cut away all of the black sections of the image. Make sure to pay attention to your links between island so that you don't lose any detail. When you're finished, all that should be left are the white parts of the image, with empty space where the black parts were.
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