How to Drain and Refill Your Swimming Pool

Draining

Go to a home improvement store and rent a submersible sump pump. Sump pumps can be rented for about $36/24 hours. Do this early in the day so your pool is empty before dark. Your rental should include rubber fire hoses in 50 feet (15.2 m) lengths. Two should be enough for most homeowner, but check to make sure the pool is not more than 100 feet (30.5 m) from your clean out/sewer access point.

Set up the sump pump and discharge hoses, connecting the hoses to a clean out. This step is very important. Most municipalities won't let you drain your water directly into the street or a neighbor's yard, for example. That leaves you two options of where to drain the water: Directly into the clean out. This is usually a 3 to 4 inch (7.6 to 10.2 cm) plastic pipe on your property, usually outside a bathroom or the kitchen, with a screw cap on it which leads directly into the sewer. The city will reuse this water. On older homes, one clean out usually exists and is elevated on a wall. On newer homes, two clean outs usually exist, and they are ground-level — sometimes obscured by landscaping. Using a clean connected to a wall is risky and could cause water damage to the house. If your clean out is connected directly to your house. Consult a pool specialist or general contractor before proceeding. Irrigate the lawn, plants, or other shrubbery. This is not recommended if you are draining the entire pool, nor is it a great idea on certain lawns or plants that don't react well to excessive salt or chlorine. Certain grasses and Oleander species can take pool water, but citrus, hibiscus, or other salt-sensitive plants should not be irrigated in this fashion.

Lower the pump into the pool and plug it in. Make sure the hose is properly attached and make sure the other end of the hose is stuck into the clean out before plugging in the pump. Some hoses will go down about 3 feet (0.9 m) into the clean out before hitting something; make sure to lodge it in properly.

Watch your water disappear, monitoring the discharge carefully. The time it takes to drain your pool water will depend on the municipality laws, the pump speed, and the total size of the pool. Although it may sound strange, check your municipality's laws concerning the discharge rate. In some municipalities, the discharge rate is capped quite low — Phoenix, for example, sets theirs at 12 gallons (45.4 L) per minute (or 720 gal/hr). This ensures safe disposal of the water into the sewer. Most good pumps will far exceed the municipality's maximum discharge rate. They'll function safely at 50 gallons/minute, and top out at about 70 gallons/minute. Your pool size will also determine how long it takes. If you're pumping at 30 gallons/minute, or 1,800 gallons/hour, and you have a 25,000 gallon (94,635.3 L) pool, it will take roughly 14 hours to drain the pool.

Every foot or so of water level decrease, spray the perimeter of the pool's previous water line with a hose. Do this especially if your water is dirty, as this will save you time in the end. Try some brushing while you are at it.

Wait as the pump removes almost all of the water, draining the last bit manually. How much water the pump is able to remove will depending on your pool's contours at the deep end. Drain the last foot or so manually with two buckets. This is where a helper comes in handy.

Cleaning

Blast debris out of the pop-ups with your hose. If you have an in-floor cleaning system, this is a great option for you to use. Alternately, you can contact the manufacturer of the pool for specific servicing/repair tips.

Clean away any calcium or scale rings. Now is also a good time to clean away calcium or scale rings (if any exist). Calcium, Lime, and Rust remover, also known as CLR, usually works pretty well. Work at the tougher buildups with a putty knife, being careful not to damage the lining of the pool. Lesser buildups can usually be dispatched with rubber gloves, a scrubbing pad, and the aforementioned CLR. To keep the rings from reappearing, you can buy some "stain and scale inhibitor." Check the manufacturer's instructions for applications, as well as for repetitions. Some inhibitors need to be reapplied every month to be effective.

Perform an acid wash on your pool (optional). A good acid wash will clean the walls of your pool, keep the water looking bright and transparent, and make the whole shebang an altogether more pleasant experience. If your pool is already fairly clean or you don't have time, you may skip this step.

Refilling

Estimate the amount of time it will take to fill the pool with your current pumps. You don't want to go to sleep and wake up with a lake in your backyard. Do a little bit of homework to avoid needing to damage-control in the end.

Fill up your pool. Connect one or more garden hoses to available spigots and drop them into the side of the pool. Turn them on. If your pool was newly plastered for example, you probably want to tie on some socks to the spout of the hose and secure with a couple rubber bands. That way, the force of the water doesn't mess with the plaster. Water should not be expensive. If you need to, call your city and inquire about how much they charge.

Wait for the water to settle a few hours before adding any chemicals or additives. You're almost there. All you need to do now is test the alkalinity of the water, pH, and calcium hardness. After you've performed these tests, adjust the alkalinity, pH, and hardness of the water appropriately before adding chlorine, CYA (Cyanuric Acid), or salt.